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Artificial intelligence will revolutionise pandemic preparedness in the next five years

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A study published in ‘Nature’ highlights how AI can anticipate epidemics and improve the global response to infectious diseases

In the next five years, integrating artificial intelligence into national response systems could revolutionise epidemic prevention, saving lives and predicting more accurately where and how infectious diseases will spread. Scientists are optimistic that advances in AI could prepare the world for the next pandemic. A study published in Nature highlights how artificial intelligence-based technologies are transforming medical research and the global response to infectious diseases.

The study, a collaboration of researchers from around the world, including scientists from the University of Oxford, notes that AI can accelerate understanding of epidemics by using large amounts of climate and socioeconomic data to anticipate where they will start and how they will develop. ‘Artificial intelligence has the potential to transform pandemic preparedness,’ explains Moritz Kraemer of the Pandemic Sciences Institute at Oxford, adding that this technology can also predict the impact of epidemics on patients by studying the interactions between the immune system and emerging pathogens.

Artificial intelligence could improve the effectiveness of disease spread models, accurately identifying areas of high risk of transmission and enabling a more efficient distribution of healthcare resources. Another promising area is the use of AI to improve genetic data in disease surveillance, accelerating vaccine development and identifying new viral variants.

Despite the positive outlook, scientists warn that AI alone cannot solve all the challenges of infectious diseases. The use of AI-based models requires global collaboration and consistent data quality to ensure reliable and representative results. Furthermore, limited access to AI models and the risks of using black-box systems for decision-making pose additional challenges.

‘Epidemics remain a constant threat, and artificial intelligence offers a powerful set of tools to guide informed decisions on when and how to intervene,’ concludes Samir Bhatt, co-author of the study and professor at the University of Copenhagen and Imperial College London.

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